I work one of these teams! At my company (~300 engineers), we have tech debt teams for both frontend and backend. I’m on the backend team.

We do the work that’s too large in scope for other teams to handle, and clearly documenting and enforcing best practices is one component of that. Part of that is maintaining a comprehensive linting suite, and the other part is writing documentation and educating developers. We also maintain core libraries and APIs, so if we notice many teams are doing the same thing in different ways, we’ll sit down and figure out what we can build that’ll accommodate most use cases.